append other files to an existing file cat create a tape archive tar, cpio search for ASCII strings within binary files strings search and replace ASCII characters tr create a tape backup tar, cpio print a 10-character banner banner perform math calculations bc, dc display current month in calendar form cal call another terminal ct call another UNIX system cu cancel jobs scheduled with the at command atrm cancel print job cancel chat with another user on the network talk, ytalk calculate a file's checksum sum clear the screen clear display a column from a sorted file cut strip column-formatting commands col combine presorted files with a common field join combine several files into a new file cat run command at a specific time at run a series of commands batch time a command time, timex compare contents of two directories dircmp compare contents of two presorted files comm compare three files to see if they are different diff3 compare two files and report on differing lines diff compare two files and return differing lines bdiff compare two files to see if they are different cmp compare two files and report differences and commonalities sdiff compile C programs gcc compile C++ programs g++ compress a file compress, pack copy a file cat, cp copy files to and from networked remote systems rcp copy files to and from remote UNIX system uucp count the number of words in text file wc change current directory cd stop a current process kill display date and time date change a file's date to the current date touch decode file after communications uudecode delete a file rm create a directory mkdir display disk space used by a directory du generate a directory listing ls change current working directory cd remove a directory rmdir return current working directory pwd compare the contents of two directories dircmp display free or total disk space df display disk space used by a directory du display a file cat, page display a file one screen at a time more display first ten lines of a file head display last ten lines of a file tail display packed files pcat send return electronic mail when you're one vacation vacation notify you when electronic mail arrives notify encode file before communications uuencode encrypt a file crypt display or set environment variables env format equations eqn, neqn erase a file rm exit exit copy a file cat, cp find a file find format a structured file awk, nawk send output to file as well as screen tee change ownership of file chown move a file or multiple files mv display a column from a sorted file cut sort a file sort sort a structured file awk, nawk search a structured file awk, nawk, grep split a file into smaller files csplit, split determine file type file change file-access permissions chmod create or determine default file-access permissions umask append other files to an existing file cat combine presorted files with a common field join compare contents of two presorted files comm compare two files to see if they are different cmp display packed files pcat merge files side by side paste change group membership of files chgrp list files ls link files ln search for ASCII strings within binary files strings remove files rm find the full filename basename find a file find format equations eqn, neqn format tables tbl format text file newform format a structured file awk, nawk format text for laser printer troff format text for line printer nroff format text (right justify) fmt format text to specific width fold log in new group newgrp find what groups a user belongs to groups get help man, apropos, whatis display user ID id start Korn shell ksh insert line numbers in text file nl link files ln list files ls save a log of your current computing session script log in as another user su log in new group newgrp log in remote system rlogin, telnet log in system login print your log in name logname print logins to other remote systems uulog log off system exit run a command even after you log off the system nohup show who is logged on the system who, rwho run a command at a low priority nice send electronic mail mail, mailx, elm, pine send return electronic mail when your on vacation vacation notify you when mail arrives notify peform math calculations bc, dc merge files side by side paste send message to all users loffed on the system wall turn on/off the ability to receive messages from other users mesg move a file or multiple files mv display system news news show status of all machines on network ruptime run a command nicely (at a lower priority) nice send output to file as well as screen tee change ownership of file chown change group ownership of files chgrp pack a file compress, pack display packed files pcat set your password passwd pause before executing a command sleep print lpr prepare a file for printing pr print a 10-character banner banner cancel print job cancel print jobs scheduled with at command atq show status of print requests lpstat start print spooler lpsched stop print spooler lpshut stop a current process kill show current processes ps quit exit schedule recurring tasks crontab start a remote shell on a remote system rsh copy files to and from remote system rcp, uucp, ftp log on remote system telnet, rlogin run a UNIX command on a remote system uux print logins to other remote systems uulog remove a directory rmdir remove files rm rename a file mv run a UNIX command on a remote system uux schedule personal events calendar schedule recurring tasks crontab search a structured file awk, nawk, grep search for text string egrep, grep, fgrep searh and replace ASCII characters tr sort a file sort sort a structured file awk, nawk check spelling in text file spell split a file into smaller files csplit, split display to standard output echo show status of all machines on the network ruptime search for text string egrep, grep, fgrep strip column-formatting commands col strip formatting commands deroff return UNIX system name uname display system news news list systems that you can communicate with uuname format tables tbl set tabs tabs create a tape backup tar, cpio display terminal information tput display terminal options tty set terminal configuration stty check spelling in text file spell format text file newform format text for laser printer troff format text for line printer nroff format text (right justify) fmt format text to specific width fold insert line numbers in text file nl create a new text file cat, vi, pico search for text string egrep, grep, fgrep display date and time date run command at specific time at time a command time, timex determine file type file uncompress a file uncompress unpack a file unpack display user ID id list users listusers display information about other users on the system who find information about other users on the system finger show status of uucp requests uustat send return mail when your on vacation vacation force shell to wait wait write message to other user on the network write count the nubmer of words in text file wc return the current working directory pwd